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G

Gain - The profit earned on the sale of a capital asset. Gains can either be short-term (from assets owned less than 12 months) or long-term (from assets owned more than 12 months). An unrealized gain is the amount by which a security appreciates in value before it is sold.
Gearing - A company's debts expressed as a percentage of its equity capital. High gearing means debts are high in relation to equity capital.
General Obligation (GO) Bond - A municipal bond whose issuer's ability to pay back principal and interest is based on its full taxing power.
Geographic Exposure - The area in which the product concentrates the securities such as a country, region or global.
Ginnie Mae - Nickname for the Government National Mortgage Association and the mortgage-backed securities it issues.
Global Bond Funds - Invest in debt securities from both the United States and abroad to try to take advantage of higher interest rates that may prevail outside the United States.
Global Exposure - Invests primarily in securities of companies of developed nations.
GNMA - See Government National Mortgage Association.
Good Delivery of Securities - Industry lingo meaning that a certificate is endorsed properly, has a signature guarantee and has met other qualifications. The certificates must be in good form to conform with the sale contract so that ownership can be transferred to the buyer. Certificates not in good form are said to be a "bad delivery."
Good-Til-Cancelled (open) Order (GTC) - An order that does not expire at the end of the day it is entered. Instead, it remains in force until it is either executed or canceled. 
Government Bond - Debt security issued by the U.S. Government.
Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) - A government corporation that provides primary mortgages through bond issuances. Its securities are called Ginnie Maes.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) - The total market value of all final goods and services produced in a country in a given year.
Gross Profit - Numerical term on an income statement that is the subtraction of costs of goods sold from revenues. It shows how much the company would have made if it did not have any other expenses or taxes.
Growth - Increase in the value of an asset, such as individual stocks, bonds or such kind of mutual fund share over time. Also known as Appreciation.
Growth Fund - Growth funds are designed to pursue capital appreciation over the long-term. Some growth funds are broad-based, meaning that they have a wide range of stocks and industries in which they can invest. Others have a narrower focus - for example, they may invest in a particular type of stock, such as small-cap or cyclical stocks, or use a specialized approach to stock selection, such as investing only in stocks that are currently under-priced. Growth funds are more volatile than more conservative income or money market funds and generally reflect changes in market conditions and other company, political, and economic news.
Growth & Income - A security purchased for long-term price appreciation (similar to long-term growth) and also for potential dividend (or interest) income.
Growth Investing - An investment strategy that seeks to identify stocks that tend to offer greater-than-average earnings growth. Growth stocks typically trade at higher prices relative to their earnings than value stocks, due to their higher expected earnings growth.
Growth Stocks - Stocks of companies that have shown or are expected to show rapid earnings and revenue growth. Growth stocks are riskier investments than most other stocks and usually make little or no dividend payments to shareholders.
Growth Style - An investment style that seeks to identify stocks that tend to offer greater-than-average earnings growth and price momentum. Growth stocks typically trade at higher prices relative to earnings than value stocks, due to their higher expected earnings growth.
GTC - See Good-Til-Cancelled (Open) Order.
Guaranteed Investment Contract (GIC) - Investments that insurance companies provide to pension plans. GICs offer investors a high degree of safety and a specified interest rate, much like a bank certificate of deposit. In essence, a GIC represents money an individual has loaned to an insurance company, for which they receive interest.
Guardian - Someone who manages securities in a minor’s account or someone who handles the affairs of an incompetent person.